A skilled locksmith can usually get through a domestic lock one way or another, but not always without damage. High security cylinders built to resist picking, and locks whose mechanism has failed, may have to be drilled. A careful locksmith will also refuse to open a door until satisfied you are entitled to go in.
The real dividing line is damage, not possibility. Most everyday locks can be picked or bypassed, and the Master Locksmiths Association expects that to be tried first. Locks built to a high security standard are a different matter. The MLA lists a 3 star diamond standard lock, when the locksmith does not have the right pick on the van, as one case where drilling may be needed.
Failed locks are the other common case. If a lock has broken, or has been attacked and is fully locked or double locked, the MLA says drilling may be needed. Anti snap cylinders rated TS007 3 star or SS312 Diamond are designed to snap and then lock up so that a burglar cannot get in, so a cylinder that has already been attacked can be hard work for anyone.
Even drilling takes skill. The MLA points out that drilling through a lock will not open it by itself, because many modern locks are designed to resist drilling and snapping, and that careless drilling can damage the mechanism inside the door and add more parts to the bill. A professional identifies the lock first and works out where to drill.
Some doors a locksmith will not open at all, however simple the lock. Locksmith guides say a careful locksmith checks that the person asking is entitled to go in, through photo ID, a bill, a tenancy agreement or a neighbour who can vouch, and may ask for the police to attend if real doubt remains. Car keys and safes also tend to be separate specialisms.
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Related questions
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